What is Population Equivalent?
A parameter for characterizing industrial wastewaters is population equivalent (PE), also known as unit per capita loading or equivalent person. It essentially compares an industry's polluting potential (measured in biodegradable organic matter) to a population (or a specific number of people) that would produce the same polluting load.
A commonly cited number in the worldwide literature for PE is 54 gramme of BOD per person (or per capita or per inhabitant) per day, which is based on a German article.
Many nations have chosen this for design purposes, however alternative values are also in use. For example, in Europe, one PE translates to 60 grammes of BOD per person per day, as well as 200 litres of sewage per day. A value of 80 grammes BOD per day is commonly used in the United States.
If the starting point is 60 grammes of BOD per person per day, the equation for calculating PE from industrial effluent is as follows:
Main key points about Population Equivalent
1: The population equivalent is computed as five per house in residential areas and is a direct assessment of the population in a region.
2: For commercial locations, however, it is computed using the floor area, which is proportionate to the number of people that use the space during the day. It does not reflect the population of a certain area in this scenario.
3: Estimates of the volumetric flow rate that will be carried, pumped, and treated must be determined in order to construct pipe networks, pump stations, and sewage treatment facilities.
4: These flow rates are measured in cubic meters per second and must be estimated for both current land usage and future development.
5: Calculating predicted flow rates may be done in a variety of ways. Calculating a design parameter known as a catchment's "population equivalent" (PE) and converting it to a flow rate is one method.
Note: The PE is a calculation of how much sewage facilities are used. It is not a population count.
As a result, population equivalent refers to a city's virtual population that is accountable for combined BOD generation during a certain time period.
Conclusion
Population equivalent or unit per capita loading, (PE), in waste-water treatment is the number expressing the ratio of the sum of the population (Number of people) load produced during 24 hours by industrial facilities and services to the individual pollution load in household sewage produced by one person in the same time.
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