What is a pressure driven membrane in an Ion exchange process?
A novel method that is being tested to purify water, is a mix of ion exchange resin and a pressure-driven membrane process. This is a hybrid technique utilized in water treatment technology, because it is cost-effective, delivers high-quality filtered water, and improves the treatment process.
Pressure driven membrane and ion-exchange process
The hybrid ion exchange and pressure-driven membrane technologies are used to avoid membrane fouling, during the water treatment process, desalination of sea and brackish water, and removal of specific contaminants.
Although organic contaminants may be processed and removed using coagulation and flocculation, in most circumstances, this is insufficient. Coagulation and flocculation, in particular, cannot remove dissolved organics. To effectively remove natural and dissolved organic materials, it is advised that a hybrid ion exchange and pressure-driven membrane technique be employed.
What does it get rid of?
This hybrid technique is commonly used to remove trace elements, such as boron, heavy metals, and oxyanions from water.
Removal of boron
Boron can be removed from wastewater efficiently, using ion exchange and pressure-driven membrane hybrid technique. Boron in water is helpful to both animals and humans if the quantity is less than 0.3mg/L; however if the concentration exceeds that, it becomes toxic to all living forms.
In most places, including India, reverse osmosis is used to extract boron from saltwater. However, after treating RO permeate with boron specific chelating resins, the residual boron may be eliminated quite effectively.
Hybrid ion exchange-membrane wastewater treatment processes
As we know that gas production generates a large volume of flow-back water. This returned water can be treated using a hybrid technique, which combines ceramic membrane filtration and ion exchange resins. Ceramic membranes with pore sizes of 1.4 m and 0.2 m, as well as mixed bed IXR, are employed.
Both membranes and IXR stages can be utilized for on-site treatment, because of their tiny footprint. The water is initially treated using a membrane, which removes total suspended particles and turbidity. To eliminate completely dissolved solids, the water passes through the IXR step. This technique may remove all total suspended particles, and more than 99% of total dissolved solids.
Raw flow-back water composition, with water composition after hybrid MF-IX treatment
|
Constituent |
Raw flow-back water |
After Treatment |
|
TOC (mg/L) |
720 |
82 |
|
TSS (mg/L) |
881 |
0 |
|
pH |
6.85 |
6.91 |
|
Conductivity (µs/cm) |
67,000 |
54 |
|
Na (mg/L) |
12,200 |
3.7 |
|
K (mg/L) |
363 |
<0.5 |
|
Mg (mg/L) |
104 |
<0.05 |
|
Ca (mg/L) |
2935 |
<0.1 |
|
Ba (mg/L) |
697 |
<0.05 |
|
Sr (mg/L) |
591 |
<0.05 |
|
Al (mg/L) |
105 |
<0.05 |
|
Fe (mg/L) |
<1 |
<1 |
|
Mn (mg/L) |
<2 |
<0.05 |
|
Cl (mg/L) |
28,500 |
7.5 |
|
Br (mg/L) |
19 |
<0.01 |
|
F (mg/L) |
<1 |
<0.01 |
|
SO4 (mg/L) |
12.9 |
<0.05 |
Advantages of using pressure-driven membranes with ion-exchange
- Lower operational expenses
- Reduced membrane area
- Total waste reduction
- Increases the volume of the by pass
- Generates high-quality filtered water
- Versatile procedure
- Improved water treatment process performance
- Prevents membrane scaling
- Removes the contaminants of interest
- Saves electricity and space
- Reliable water quality
- Improves filtering performance
- Amount of discharge reduced
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