How do we treat the wastewater from industrial electroplating?
The use of electroplating products is growing along with the advancement of industrial technology, and this is also true of the wastewater produced by electroplating. Large output, high concentration, complicated composition, a lot of free metals, and poor biodegradability are all characteristics of electroplating effluent.
The ecological environment and human health suffer exceptionally negative effects, as a result of direct discharge. So, how do we treat the wastewater from industrial electroplating? Together, let's examine the following techniques:
1: Chemical Precipitation
The two main types of chemical precipitation are hydroxide precipitation and sulphide precipitation, which involve adding a strong alkali hydroxide or sulphide to the wastewater from electroplating, in order to cause it to precipitate with the heavy metals to produce hydroxide or sulphide.
The chemical precipitation method has a low chemical input and a poor treatment outcome, for complex electroplating effluent, but it is easy to use and it is unaffected by temperature, metal type, or concentration.
2: Adsorption Technique
The adsorbent's porous surface, enormous specific surface area, and substantial number of active groups make it suitable, for adsorbing contaminants from wastewater.
The adsorption method is easy to use, requires no flocculant for direct removal, is inexpensive, and, in some cases, can regenerate the adsorbent. The enormous volume of adsorbent and the quick decline in adsorption ability following adsorption are drawbacks, though.
3: Membrane Separation Technique
The term "membrane separation method" refers to the employment of external energy or chemical potential difference, to create a pressure differential on either side of the membrane, where the metal ions in the wastewater from electroplating selectively permeate the membrane to produce wastewater separation.
At the moment, the most common membrane separation techniques include electrodialysis, microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis, among others. With high removal efficiency and ease of use, Netsol offers a variety of products, which are appropriate for pre-filtering electroplating solution.
Recently, membrane separation technology has become widely used in the electroplating water treatment process, and all nations are aggressively stepping up their research and development efforts in this area.
4. Utilizing Biological methods
The biological method involves removing heavy metals from wastewater. This is done by utilizing biological characteristics of organisms, such as the flocculation, absorption, accumulation, and enrichment of microorganisms and plants.
The benefits of using a biological technique include excellent adaptability, a wide range of sources, minimal operating costs, and no secondary contamination. However, it also has drawbacks like poor treatment effectiveness, and toxicological effects of heavy metals on microorganisms.
Conclusion
The electroplating wastewater treatment process alone is no longer appropriate for the present environmental protection needs, and economic development as people's demands for the ecological environment increase. It is required to combine several techniques in the real production process, in order to achieve the emission criteria while simultaneously reducing expenses.
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