What is smog?
Smog is basically the result of merging two words. Smoke and fog.
Smog is also used to describe the type of fog, including smoke and soot. Smog is a yellowish or blackish mist, formed primarily by a mixture of pollutants in the atmosphere and composed of fine particles and ground level ozone. Smog, which is primarily caused by air pollution, can also be defined as a mixture of various gases and dust and water vapor. Smog also refers to the hazy air that makes breathing difficult.
How does smog occur?
When fuel burns, it releases air pollutants or gases that form smog into the atmosphere. Smog occurs when sunlight and its heat react with these gases and particles in the atmosphere. It is caused only by air pollution. A complex photochemical reaction between volatile organic compounds (VOCs), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) releases ground level ozone and fine dust into the atmosphere. These VOCs, SO2, and NOx are called precursors. The main sources of these precursors are gasoline and diesel vehicles, industrial plants, pollutants released directly into the atmosphere by activity, and warming caused by human activity.
Smog is often caused by heavy traffic, high temperatures, strong sunlight, and no wind. These are some of the factors that increase air pollution in the atmosphere. In winter, when wind speeds are slow, smoke and fog stay in one place, causing smog near the ground near where people breathe, and increasing pollution. It obstructs the view and disturbs the environment.
The time that smog occurs is directly dependent on temperature. The inversion layer is a situation where warm air does not rise and stays near the ground. In reversing temperatures, smog can settle down in the absence of wind and stay in one place for several days.
However, it is also true that smog becomes stronger when it occurs far away from the source of pollution. The photochemical reaction that causes smog occurs in the air when pollutants released from high-traffic areas are blown away by the wind. Therefore, smog can affect suburbs, rural areas, urban areas, and large cities and turn out to be dangerous.
Catastrophic effects of smog
Smog is harmful and can be understood by the pollutants from which it is made and the possible effects it may have. It is generally harmful to humans, animals, plants, and nature. Many deaths, especially those associated with bronchial disease, have been recorded. Heavy smog is due to the fact that UV radiation is significantly reduced. For example, strong smog reduces the production of vitamin D, an important natural substance, causing rickets in humans.
When a city or town is covered in smog, the impact is immediately noticeable. Smog can cause everything from mild pain to deadly lung disease such as lung cancer. Smog is known to irritate the eyes. It can also cause inflammation of lung tissue which causes chest pain. Other problems and illnesses such as colds and pneumonia are also associated with smog. The human body is very difficult to resist the harmful effects of smog.
Low exposure to smog can increase the risk of asthma attacks. People with asthma should avoid exposure. Smog also leads to premature death, affects densely populated areas, and builds them to dangerous levels. People who are seriously affected include the elderly, children, and people with heart and respiratory illnesses. These are likely to have a negative effect on asthma.
Ground-level ozone contained in smog also inhibits plant growth and causes enormous damage to crop and forests. Vegetables such as plants, soybeans, wheat, tomatoes, peanuts, and cotton are susceptible to infection when exposed to smog. Smog has a humiliating effect on the environment, killing countless animal species and green life. Because they take time to adapt to breathing and survival in such a toxic environment.
Smog is a particularly catastrophic problem for rapid modernization or industrialization, as the toxic chemicals involved in smog formation are distributed in the atmosphere in a highly reactive manner. Urban smoke and sulphur dioxide pollution is significantly less than ever, with the support of emission control legislation and cleaner emission technologies.
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