What is Solid Waste Management?
Waste management is a term used to refer to the collection and disposal of solid waste. As long as people live in villages and residential areas, garbage and solid waste are a problem. Waste management is how solid waste can be modified and used as a valuable resource.
Solid waste treatment should be adopted in all households, including business owners around the world. Industrialization has brought many good and bad points. One of the negative effects of industrialization is the generation of solid waste.
According to Britannica,
"Management of solid waste, collection, disposal and disposal of solid waste that has served its purpose or has become useless is SWM. Inappropriate urban waste disposal can lead to unsanitary conditions and, as a result, environmental pollution and the development of mediator-borne diseases”.
Waste Category:
1-Organic Waste: Garbage, Waste from Food Cooking, Vegetables, Flowers, Leaves, Fruits, Markets.
2-Fuel: Paper, wood, dried leaves, packaging of auxiliary supplies, organic and low in water content.
3-Non-combustible materials: Metal, cans, bottles, stones, etc.
4-Toxic waste: Old medicines, paints, chemicals, light bulbs, spray cans, fertilizer, pesticide containers, batteries, shoe polish.
5-Recyclable materials: Paper, glass, metal, plastic.
6-Ash or dust: Residues from the fire used for cooking.
7-Building debris: Building debris, roofs, broken concrete, etc.
8-Hazardous waste: Oil, battery acid, medical waste, industrial waste, hospital waste.
9-Dead Animals: Dead cows or carcasses of other animals.
10-Bulky waste: Branches, tires, etc.
11-Contaminated waste: Hospital waste such as clothing contaminated with blood and other body fluids.
Different sources of waste:
Large amounts of solid waste are disposed of in different landfills every day. This waste comes from homes, offices, industry, and a variety of other agricultural activities. These landfills give off a foul odour if the waste is not properly stored and treated. It pollutes the surrounding air and can have a serious impact on the health of people, wildlife, and our environment.
The main sources of solid waste are:
1 Housing Apartments and homes
Theseare some of the main sources of solid waste. Garbage in these places includes food waste, plastic, paper, glass, leather, cardboard, metal, garden waste, ash, and bulky household items such as electronics, tires, batteries, old mattresses, and used oil. Most households have a trash can to dispose of solid waste and later a trash can for disposal by a garbage collector or person.
2 Industry
Industry is known as one of the largest sources of solid waste. These include light industry, heavy industry, construction sites, factories, canning factories, power plants and chemical factories. These industries produce solid waste in the form of household waste, food waste, packaging waste, ash, construction and dismantling materials, hazardous waste, medical waste, and other hazardous waste.
3 Commercial
Commercial facilities and buildings are another source of solid waste today. Commercial buildings and facilities in this case refer to hotels, markets, restaurants, pubs, shops, and office buildings. Solid waste generated at these locations includes plastics, food waste, metal, paper, glass, wood, corrugated board materials and other hazardous waste.
4 Facilities
Facilities centres such as schools, universities, prisons, barracks and other government centres also produce solid waste. Common solid waste generated in these locations includes glass, rubber waste, plastics, food waste, wood, paper, metal, corrugated board materials, electronic equipment, and various hazardous wastes.
5 Municipal Services
Today, urban areas are a major contributor to the waste crisis in most countries. Solid waste generated by municipal services includes street cleaning, park and beach waste, sewage treatment facilities, landscaping waste, and recreation area waste, including sludge.
6 Agriculture
Cultivated farms, orchards, dairy products, vineyards, and feed are also sources of solid waste. The waste they produce includes agricultural waste, rotten food, pesticide containers and other dangerous goods.
7 Biomedicine
This applies to hospitals, biomedical equipment, and chemical manufacturers. Hospitals generate different types of solid waste. These solid wastes include syringes, bandages, used gloves, medicines, paper, plastics, food wastes and chemicals. All of this requires proper disposal, otherwise they cause great problems for the environment and for the people at these facilities.
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