Bituminous activated carbon typically has a larger surface area than ligneous activated carbon, however macropores with a diameter bigger than 500 are more prevalent in ligneous activated carbon. Compared to lignite carbon, bituminous coal has a higher density.
Large, medium, and tiny molecules commonly make up wastewater contaminants. Large molecules are the majority in oil refineries, textile, paper, and dye businesses. When comparing identical amounts of bedding, lignite carbon is more effective than bituminous coal because it contains a higher proportion of macropores.
What is the difference between bituminous and lignite carbon?
Bituminous activated carbon
Most of the surface area of bituminous carbon lies in the micropore region, with a diameter of less than 20, where a big molecule, such as a dye, cannot enter and is not adsorbed.
A portion of the overall surface area is lost during the thermal reactivation or regeneration of bituminous carbon. This loss is brought on by the rupture of micropores, which results in the creation of many macropores, each of which is capable of holding a macromolecule and acquiring properties, resembling those of carbon with ligneous origin. A bituminous carbon's reactivation rate determines how much it resembles lignite carbon.
Lignite activated carbon
On the other hand, lignite carbon's pores tend to preserve their original size when it is thermally reactivated. In other words, lignite carbon's characteristics after being reactivated and after being virgin, are fairly comparable. It should be noted that the maker of virgin bituminous carbon can make it develop wide pores by raising the temperature, extending the time it spends there, or adding oxygen in the activation furnace.
Bituminous coal experiences greater material losses during reactivation than lignite does. Additionally, under the same circumstances, lignite carbon reactivates more quickly and easily. This is related to both the larger pores' size and the higher ash content's catalysing effect, on the activation or reactivation of carbons.
Hydraulic properties
Whether virgin or reactivated, both forms of carbons result in a similar pressure drop in the liquid and both beds expand similarly in bed size.
Conclusion
Lignite carbon is more effective than bituminous carbon in situations where macromolecules are dominant, provided that the bituminous carbon has not been reactivated or produced from wide pores. Similar to lignite carbon, reactivated bituminous coal carbon possesses characteristics. When revived, the latter maintains its original characteristics.
Bituminous coal carbon performs far better than lignite carbon in situations where micromolecules—such as scents, tastes, low molecular weight organics, volatile chemicals, and others predominate.
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