What is Chlorination and purpose of chlorination in the STP Plant?

Chlorination is a widely used process in water and wastewater treatment that involves adding chlorine or its compounds to disinfect and purify the water or wastewater. Chlorination is an effective and economical method of removing harmful pathogens and microorganisms from water and wastewater.           

Here we will discuss what chlorination is, how it works, and its purpose in the sewage treatment plant (STP).

What is Chlorination?          

Chlorination is a process that involves adding chlorine or its compounds, such as sodium hypochlorite, to water or wastewater to kill bacteria, viruses, and other harmful microorganisms. Chlorine is a strong oxidizing agent that can react with and destroy organic matter, including microorganisms.  

Chlorine can be added to water or wastewater in different forms, including chlorine gas, liquid sodium hypochlorite, or solid calcium hypochlorite.

How does Chlorination work?         

Chlorination works by creating a disinfectant residual in the water or wastewater that can kill harmful microorganisms.            
Chlorine reacts with organic matter, including bacteria and viruses, by breaking down their cell walls and protein structures. This reaction produces hypochlorous acid, which is a powerful oxidizing agent that can kill bacteria and viruses.

Chlorination can be performed at different stages of water or wastewater treatment, including pre-chlorination, primary disinfection, and post-chlorination. Pre-chlorination involves adding chlorine to the raw water or wastewater before it enters the treatment process to control algae growth and odor.    

Primary disinfection involves adding chlorine to the water or wastewater after it has undergone primary treatment to kill any remaining bacteria and viruses. Post-chlorination involves adding chlorine to the water or wastewater after it has undergone secondary treatment to maintain a disinfectant residual and prevent recontamination.

Purpose of Chlorination in Sewage Treatment Plant:       

The purpose of chlorination in the sewage treatment plant is to kill harmful microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites, which may be present in the wastewater. Sewage contains a variety of microorganisms that can be harmful to human health and the environment. These microorganisms include pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause waterborne diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and hepatitis.

Chlorination is an effective method of disinfecting wastewater and preventing the spread of waterborne diseases. In the sewage treatment plant, chlorination is typically used as a secondary disinfection method after the wastewater has undergone primary and secondary treatment processes.  

Primary treatment involves physical processes, such as screening and sedimentation that remove large particles and debris from the wastewater. Secondary treatment involves biological processes, such as activated sludge and trickling filters that remove organic matter and nutrients from the wastewater.   

After the wastewater has undergone primary and secondary treatment, it is disinfected using chlorination to kill any remaining bacteria and viruses. The chlorinated wastewater is then held in a contact tank for a specified period to allow the chlorine to react with and kill the microorganisms. The chlorine residual is monitored to ensure that it meets the required standards before the treated wastewater is discharged into the environment.

Conclusion:   
Chlorination is a widely used process in water and wastewater treatment that involves adding chlorine or its compounds to disinfect and purify the water or wastewater. Chlorination is an effective and economical method of removing harmful pathogens and microorganisms from water and wastewater.           

In the sewage treatment plant, chlorination is used as a secondary disinfection method after primary and secondary treatment processes. Chlorination helps to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases and ensure the safety of the treated wastewater before it is discharged into the environment.

Leading manufacturer of sewage treatment plants in India.         

Netsol Water is the leading manufacturer, supplier, and exporter of a quality selection of water treatment, and wastewater treatment products in India, by using advanced sewage treatment methods.   

RO plants, water softeners, ETPs, STPs, DM plants, AMC, O&M, Ultra filtration, UV, Ozonation, ZLD plants, Anoxic tanks, and other goods and services are available from us. We also provide services to businesses in sectors including automotive, pharmaceutical, textile, pulp & paper, beverages, refineries, schools, hospitals, office buildings, and hotels, among others.

Call us at +91 9650608473 or email at enquiry@netsolwater.com for further information.