INTRODUCTION
Boron is a naturally occurring element that can be found in a variety of consumer goods. People are exposed to boron through food, water, and boron-containing consumer items. Boron does not decompose once it enters the environment. Boron has been found in drinking water, groundwater, and surface waters.
WHAT IS BORON IN WATER?
Boron is a naturally occurring element that can be found in a wide range of consumer goods. Food, water, and boron-containing consumer products are all sources of boron exposure.
EXPOSURE TO BORON
The main method most people come into contact with boron is via eating or drinking boron-contaminated food or water. Boron can also be inhaled by dust, consumer products, or herbicides containing the element. People who work in boron mines or processing plants may be exposed to elevated boron levels.
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT UNIT
The Health Risk Assessment Unit assesses the health risks posed by pollutants found in drinking water sources and generates health-based drinking water recommendation values. Boron is a necessary ingredient for aquatic and terrestrial life, although it can be harmful in large doses. A plant that receives too little or too much water may suffer from severe withering and discolouration, lowering its monetary value significantly. In irrigation water, the typical stated range is 0.05 to 0.5 mg/l.
PRESENCE OF BORON
Boron is in high concentrations in well water. It's also in membrane desalinated seawater all over the planet.
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1 .WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF BORON IS TOO LOW?
If the number of boric acid crystals (H3BO3) in the irrigation stream is too low or non- existent, a simple, low-cost "fix" is to mix a tiny amount of extremely soluble boric acid crystals (H3BO3) in water and feed it into the irrigation stream with an inexpensive chemical feed pump. Boric acid is widely available in drug shops, supermarkets, and, of course, online, due to its frequent consumer uses as a laundry help or a foot bath.
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2. WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF BORON IS TOO HIGH?
It must be lowered if it is too high (over 0.5 mg/l). One would seem that reverse osmosis would be the optimum solution. Reverse osmosis reduces dissolved particles by repelling charges between the membrane and the element (ion) in solution, rather than forcing water through minute pores in the membrane. Boron has no apparent charge, therefore it can travel through membranes without being detected. Even membranes made of high-pressure seawater allow too much to pass through. Boron concentrations in seawater can be as high as 5 parts per million (PPM).
REMOVAL OF BORON
The best way to remove boron is to use a highly rare and expensive resin that is capable of being selective to boron while remaining unaffected by other elements in the water. This feature allows for a simple and low-cost pre-treatment. With hydrochloric acid (HCl), the boron must be peeled from the resin, and then sodium hydroxide must be used to return it to a boron-removal state (NaOH). The employment of these compounds in a sequential manner needs particular construction materials and highly specific safety and efficacy monitoring.
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