What are the Treatment Flow sheet for UASB reactor?
Anaerobic waste treatment systems are becoming more widely acknowledged as a technique of recovering non-conventional energy.
Anaerobic decomposition is a biologically mediated, natural process that may be mimicked to treat pollutants generated by municipal, agricultural, and industrial operations. Anaerobic digestion, as used in the treatment of sewage sludge and other organic wastes, is an example of a process that has been well managed. Although anaerobic digesters have been used for decades to stabilize sewage sludge, their efficient and cost-effective usage for the treatment of liquid wastes is a relatively new phenomena, owing to the development of innovative reactor designs.
These ideas have resulted in the creation of a number of reactors that can hold a significantly greater biomass concentration than standard digesters. This is made feasible by making sludge retention independent of influent retention time.
Because generalizations are seldom useful in practice, evaluating the merits and disadvantages of one system in respect to anotherconcept is difficult. Purification rates, loading rates, investment costs, energy balance, space needs, operational expenses, and particular long-term expertise with various wastewaters are all essential considerations, although they will be valued differently depending on the sector.
Treatment Flow Sheet
1. Screening,
2. Grit removal (Optional),
3. Skimming Tank,
4. Pumping,
5. UASB reactor,
6. Gas collection system,
7. Post-treatment such as aerobic processes or settling tank, depending on the disposal mode of effluent, and
8. Sludge drying beds.
Process followed
For the treatment of municipal wastewater as required in typical wastewater treatment facilities, screens and grit chambers are required. Screens and a grit chamber may not be required for certain industrial wastewaters. It is desirable to have a skimming tank to remove floating stuff such as oil, grease, soap, bits of cork and wood, vegetable debris, and fruit skins from wastewater. If oil and grease are deposited on the sludge surface, they can obstruct metabolite movement and mass transfer, resulting in a loss in process efficiency. When wastewater has significant suspended particles of inorganic origin, this can be done in a separate tank or coupled with primary sedimentation.
Following basic treatment, a pumping device is required to push the wastewater upward into the UASB reactor. Choosing an acceptable site for a UASB reactor may not necessitate pumping if the geography of the site allows for the use of gravity head.
If the gas generated is to be used for combustion or power generation, a separate gas collecting system can be installed. In general, the generation of gas in a UASB reactor ranges from 0.25 to 0.35 m3 CH4 per kilogram of COD eliminated. For bigger treatment facilities, using biogas for electricity production is cost-effective.
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