With 113 rivers (not counting tributaries) and sizable alluvial basins that may hold a lot of groundwater, India has an abundance of water resources. India is fortunate to have access to snow-capped Himalayan peaks that can meet the nation's various water needs.
The most significant environmental issue and threat to public health in both rural and urban India, however, is a lack of access to clean water and sanitary facilities. Nearly all surface water sources now contain bacterial and organic pollutants, making them unfit for human consumption unless they are cleaned. Water contamination is typically the root cause of illnesses including typhoid, cholera, gastroenteritis, bacterial dysentery, hepatitis, poliomyelitis, amoebic dysentery, and others.
How do you think this water gets contaminated? What is the source of wastewater in India? Let’s review the same.
1: Water use in residences, places of employment, restaurants, retail establishments, workplaces, factories, farms, storage facilities for fuel and transportation, vessels, quarries, and mines produces domestic wastewater.
Domestic wastewater is the water used in restrooms, showers, baths, kitchen sinks, and laundry in residences and workplaces.
2: Industrial wastewater is the term used to describe wastewater from the manufacturing and chemical industries.
Also, industrial wastewater is the runoff from manufacturing and industrial processes, like food processing or metal refining. This covers any process's liquid waste, e.g. water used to cool machinery or clean plant and equipment.
3: Surface runoff water is contaminated by debris, grit, nutrients, and various chemicals that precipitation picks up in urban and agricultural areas. Wastewater includes things like floodwater runoff, pool water, garage water, and cleaning center water.
4: Another category contains non-domestic effluent from barbershops, restaurants, power stations, and agricultural operations.
The amount of water used in residential, commercial, and industrial facilities, will therefore contribute to the overall wastewater production.
Wastewater generation in India
Domestic wastewater is thought to be produced in metropolitan areas at a rate of 22,900 MLD per day, compared to 13,500 MLD for industrial wastewater. Only 5,900 MLD of home wastewater can be treated, compared to 8,000 MLD of industrial wastewater.
As a result, the treatment of domestic wastewater has a significant gap in India. The Indian government is helping local governments to increase the sewage treatment facilities as part of the Ganga Action Plan. Thus, the treatment of all wastewater could take a while because the task is so large.
In addition to this, there would be operating and maintenance costs. The same is true for the 5,500 MLD or so of industrial wastewater that is produced, mostly by small businesses. Small businesses sometimes have limited space and are situated in residential neighbourhoods, making the installation of wastewater treatment systems difficult.
Also, small businesses lack the resources required to build up treatment procedures. For these sectors, standard wastewater treatment systems are necessary, which are known as Common effluent treatment plants (CETPs).
How can we assist?
With the information provided above, you may now have a better understanding of the sources of wastewater in India. And, for your wastewater treatment solutions, you may get in touch with Netsol Water for effective wastewater treatment.
We are a top manufacturer of wastewater treatment plants and industrial and commercial water treatment facilities. We can effectively eliminate all kinds of chemical, physical, and biological pollutants, with the help of our treatment systems. For expert advice, contact us at +91 9650608473 or enquiry@netsolwater.com
