A sewage treatment plant is a facility where physical, chemical, and biological processes are used to eliminate pollutants from wastewater and generate processed wastewater that is safe to release into waterways. Every residential area, business, and industrial facility must have this system in place to protect our living area from water pollution.
Every business must first set up a capable sewage treatment facility. According to a recent study by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), there is a significant gap between the production of sewage and its treatment, which causes serious contamination of the environment when untreated sewage flows into rivers.
Before wastewater is released into the environment, it is treated using a variety of methods at sewage treatment plants. The application of air blowers for aeration in MBBR (Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor) and SBR (Sequential Batch Reactor) based plants is one of the most popular methods.
The method for determining the pipe size for air blowers in MBBR and SBR-based sewage treatment plants will be covered in this blog, along with information on the best pipes to use for aeration when using air blowers.
MBBR Technology in Wastewater Treatment
A biological technology called a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) is used to treat wastewater in municipal and commercial areas. Moving bed film reactor is another term for it. It came into existence in the 1980s. For treating effluent, MBBR provides a cost-effective option.
The MBBR wastewater treatment system allows effective disposal outcomes with minimal energy use. The technique is used to distinguish between the nitrification and denitrification of organic compounds. An activated sludge aeration device is the foundation of the MBBR design. The plastic carriers, which have a sizable interior surface area, are where the sludge is gathered. The carriers' surface area maximises the interaction between water, air, and bacteria.
When a treatment facility is upgraded and overburdened, MBBR media is applied, creating MBBR activated sludge.
MBBR can be used to clean wastewater of various qualities. The application is chosen based on the intended outcomes and the discharge regulations. Various stages of the system may exist based on the needs at hand. To keep bacteria in their designated tank, the stages are made up of distinct tanks divided by screens.
SBR Technology in Wastewater Treatment
The name "SBR" stands for Sequential Batch Reactor, an improved activated sludge device. This kind of sewage water treatment technology treats sewage in batches, as the term implies. A conventional SBR treatment plant uses a time-oriented batch procedure and is made up of multiple tanks connected in order. Because this system is equipped with level monitors, a timing device, or a microprocessor-based system, operations like equalization, aeration, and sedimentation are completed on schedule.
Calculate the pipe size for Air blower in MBBR and SBR based STP
The initial step in determining the pipe size for air blowers is to figure out the air flow rate required for aeration. Typically, the air flow rate is expressed in units of CFM or m3/hr (cubic metres per hour). The size of the plant and the particular needs of the wastewater treatment process will determine the air flow rate needed for aeration. For instance, a small plant might require 50 CFM of air flow, whereas a bigger plant might need 5000 CFM or more.
Calculating the pressure loss in the air distribution system comes after the air flow rate has been established. The disparity in pressure between the air entering the distribution system and the air leaving the system is known as the pressure drop. The air flow rate, pipe diameter, and pipe length all influence the pressure decrease.
Calculating the pressure loss in a pipe uses the following formula:
ΔP = f × (L/D) × (ρ/2) × (V2/2)
where:
ΔP = pressure drop (inches of water)
f = friction factor
L = length of pipe (feet)
D = diameter of pipe (inches)
ρ = density of air (lb/ft3)
V = velocity of air (ft/sec)
The Reynolds number, which relies on the air flow rate and pipe diameter, determines the friction factor. The following method can be used to determine the Reynolds number:
Re = (ρ × V × D) / μ
where: Re = Reynolds number μ = viscosity of air (lb/ft-sec)
After calculating the Reynolds number, the friction factor can be calculated using the Moody chart or another technique.
The choice of pipe size comes after finding the pressure drop. The necessary air flow rate and the pressure drop should be taken into consideration when choosing the pipe size. The pipe's diameter should be chosen so that the air in the pipe moves at a speed of between 400 and 600 feet per minute and the pressure decrease is within acceptable bounds.
PVC and HDPE pipes are frequently used in sewage treatment facilities for aeration in terms of pipe materials. PVC pipes have a smooth inner surface, which lessens friction and pressure loss. They are also portable and easy to install. Due to their increased tensile strength and resistance to chemical corrosion, HDPE pipelines are appropriate for harsh environments.
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