How EM kill pathogens and help to grow beneficial microorganisms?
Beneficial microorganisms are becoming more widely used today. Effective Microorganisms (EM), whose composition is kept secret, is one example. EM is a liquid product that contains a range of microorganisms, including both pathogenic and nonpathogenic ones, with admirable coexistence of aerobic and anaerobic types. EMs are a mixture of favorable naturally occurring microorganisms that can be used as inoculation agents to boost the microbial diversity of wastewater treatment. They mostly comprise of lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, actinomycetes, photosynthesizing bacteria, and fermenting fungi. These microorganisms can coexist in liquid culture because their physiologies are compatible.
EM promotes the development of advantageous, naturally occurring microorganisms in the environment. EM helps to restore a perfect biological equilibrium by detoxifying contaminated soil and water. When EM is given to a contaminated environment, such as soil, wastewater, or solid waste, the EM microorganisms will right away start feeding on the organic matter and proliferating, producing enzymes that reduce pollution. Because of this, EM has the ability to treat any type of waste, including effluent produced by industrial, agricultural, and consumer applications. By limiting breakdown and promoting sediment reduction, Effective Microorganisms in water also remove the nutrients that support algal growth from the sediment in the water.
EMs play a variety of roles in microbial ecology, both in water and sediments, such as:
1. Regulating the number of algae in water bodies to stop the water's quality from declining
2. Preventing midsummer putrefaction of some aquatic plants and the development of fish illnesses
3. Strengthening aquatic animals' immune systems to increase their resilience to sickness
4. The production of antioxidant compounds and the accompanying antioxidant wave emission are used to combat the negative consequences of oxidation (that also suppress harmful effects of oxidation). Additionally, BMs can neutralize naturally existing free radicals in materials and living things.
5. Assisting in the fight against polychlorinated biphenyl and dioxin's problems
How EM (Effective microorganisms) kill the pathogens?
Microorganisms primarily use two techniques to lower the number of pollutants in effluent. Which are:
Aerobic - Aerobic digestion is a main wastewater treatment method that transforms wastewater into an effluent that is more useful and ecologically friendly. Trillions of microbes are involved in the process, and they depend on oxygen to live and grow. By taking oxygen from organic waste, microbes decompose it, changing its chemical composition into something less harmful to the ecosystem.
Anaerobic - The biological fermentation of organic materials is known as anaerobic digestion. Biogas is created through the conversion of organic materials, which aids in removing contaminants and impurities from the water. To make wastewater more ecologically friendly, anaerobic treatments are used to change the chemical makeup of the organic substance present in the wastewater.
In treatment plants, bacterial growth and performance are affected by a variety of conditions.
Considerations include dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, sludge age, and oxygen consumption. Some of these, but not all of them, are controllable by operators. Additionally, factors like the climate and the volume of waste produced can affect how well bacteria perform. The failure of wastewater treatment systems can result from this.
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