How Do Primary and Secondary Treatments Differ in ETP & STP Plants?
Effluent treatment plants and sewage treatment plants are essential to provide a healthy environment by treating the wastewater prior to discharge in natural watercourses. Netsol Water is proud to be the top wastewater treatment plant manufacturer that provides technology-based solutions for fulfilling growing requirements of municipalities as well as industry. Here we will elaborate on the major differences between sewage and effluent plants' primary and secondary treatments and how both treatments help provide clean water for all.
Basics of Effluent and Sewage Treatment Plants
Wastewater treatment is a process that includes a number of steps intended to eliminate harmful pollutants from water and allow discharge or reuse. Two such plants are used for wastewater treatment, i.e., the effluent treatment plant (ETP) and sewage treatment plant (STP). Effluent treatment plants are used to treat industrial wastewater, while sewage treatment plants are used to treat domestic or municipal wastewater.
Both STPs and ETPs are subjected to primary and secondary treatment processes, varying in process and efficiency of decontamination. Netsol Water is India's largest wastewater treatment plant manufacturer offering novel solutions to industry and society. One needs to understand the distinction between primary and secondary treatments when choosing the proper wastewater treatment process.
Primary Treatment
The first treatment process is the operation of both effluent and sewage treatment plants. Its role is to remove suspended large solids and floating substances from wastewater. It is commonly carried out physically by screening, sedimentation, and flotation.
Screening: Treatment is started with screening the wastewater for removing coarse wastes such as plastics, leaves, and other solid wastes. It is done to avoid damage to the equipment to be used in the next process.
Sedimentation: After the removal of larger solids, wastewater is pumped into a sedimentation tank and heavier particles like grit and dirt accumulate at the bottom. Sedimentation is the most important solid-liquid separation process, and the sludge that forms settles and is pumped out to be further processed.
Flotation: Flotation is used in certain situations to float away light materials like greases and oils from water. Air is pushed into the wastewater in a way that such materials float on the surface, which is then skimmed off.
Even though the primary treatment eliminates large solids, it is impossible for it to eliminate dissolved organic matter, nutrients, and pathogenic bacteria in water. Therefore, a secondary treatment process has to be applied so that water is filtered once again.
Secondary Treatment
Secondary effluent plant treatment and sewage treatment is where water basically gets cleaned. The water will still have dissolved organic matter, toxic microbes, and nutrients after primary treatment. Secondary treatment employs biological means in digesting these impurities to make the water clean and pure.
Aeration: Aeration is one of the extremely widespread secondary treatment practices. Aeration is the process of adding air to wastewater to induce beneficial bacteria growth. Bacteria decompose water's organic matter to lower-toxicity, easier-to-handle material.
Activated Sludge Process: Activated Sludge Process is a biological wastewater treatment process by which wastewater is mixed with a mass of sludge infested with bacteria. Bacteria degrade organic impurities by utilizing impurities as food. Treated water is transferred to a sedimentation tank for sedimentation wherein sludge gets settled and clean water is left.
Trickling Filters: In this case, wastewater trickles over a stone bed or any material that has surface over which bacteria can act. Bacteria decompose the organic material as water trickles over the surface. This process is specifically used in impurity removal from sewage treatment plants.
Optional Tertiary Treatment: Secondary treatment is at times followed by tertiary treatment. During this process, the water is further treated to remove any excess contaminants such as nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), disease-causing organisms, or color from the water.
Secondary treatment is more suitably designed to treat water compared to primary treatment but must be serviced and inspected in the proper manner so that it can operate in its proper mode. We at Netsol Water ensure that the most suitable wastewater treatment plant solutions are implemented by incorporating both primary as well as secondary treatment procedures so as to meet all the environment and safety legislations.
Key Primary and Secondary Treatment Differences
Primary and secondary treatment differences between effluent and sewage treatment plants can be listed as:
· Purpose: Primary treatment involves the physical removal of humongous wastes and solids, whereas secondary treatment involves the breakdown of dissolved organic matter as well as microbes in the biological process.
· Processes: The principal treatment is screening, sedimentation, and flotation, while secondary treatment is by biological processes such as aeration, activated sludge, and trickling filters.
· Efficiency: The principal treatment cleanses just very little pollutants, whereas secondary treatment cleanses all dissolved impurities within water.
· Removal of Pollutants: Solids removal is very effective in primary treatment, while secondary treatment removes a broad spectrum of pollutants including organic matter, nutrients, and pathogens.
The Role of Netsol Water in Wastewater Treatment
Being the leading wastewater treatment plant manufacturer, Netsol Water provides the latest in sewage and effluent treatment technologies with the focus on maximizing efficiency and effectiveness. The plants are equipped with primary as well as secondary treatment phases, enabling industries and municipalities to adhere to strict environmental regulations. With advanced technologies and sustainability in the business strategy, Netsol Water is your solution provider for wastewater treatment.
Conclusion
Primary and secondary treatment in effluent treatment plants and sewerage treatment plants have different yet complementary functions of making wastewater clean and safe treatment. Primary treatment separates solids, and secondary treatment carries out biological processes for biodegradation of organic chemicals and pathogenic microbes. Both these have a complete process of treatment that safeguards the environment and health of individuals.
We at Netsol Water comprehend the significance of both treatment processes and provide it with the best wastewater treatment plant solutions to meet clients. Starting from effluent treatment plants to sewage treatment plants, we provide newest technologies that deliver perfect results in water treatment quality. If you are looking for the best wastewater treatment plant manufacturer, choose Netsol Water for effective, environment-friendly, and affordable wastewater management.
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