Why is tertiary treatment of wastewater required?
The final stage of the multi-stage wastewater treatment process is tertiary water or wastewater treatment. Inorganic chemicals, bacteria, viruses, and parasites are all removed during the third stage of treatment. The treated water is safe to reuse, recycle, or discharge into the environment after these dangerous substances have been removed.
Tertiary treatment is a third degree of treatment that is more advanced option provided to remove total suspended solids and organic matter present in wastewater after secondary treatment. Primary and secondary treatment normally only cleans wastewater to the point that it can be safely discharged into the environment.
Tertiary treatment, on the other hand, can purify water to the point that it can be reused in water-intensive activities or even used as drinking water. One or more of the unit operations are used in this advanced treatment.
Processes involved in tertiary treatment include nutrient removal, disinfection, nitrification, membrane process, filtration, carbon adsorption, etc.
Tertiary wastewater treatment methods
Reverse Osmosis: Reverse osmosis is a water filtering method that employs a thin, semipermeable membrane with microscopic pores that allows clean water to pass through while excluding larger molecules such as ionized dissolved salts and other contaminants. RO water treatment is a complex water treatment system that successfully removes pollutants and organic contaminants from raw water to provide fresh, purified water suited for a variety of industrial applications. RO plants can be used as a pre-treatment or a post-treatment step in Industrial wastewater solutions.
Filters: In most cases, tertiary wastewater treatment entails final filtration of the treated effluent. It may be necessary to use alum to eliminate phosphorus particles from the water when necessary. Alum also causes any particulates that were not removed by primary and secondary wastewater treatments to clump together, allowing filters to extract them.The filters are backwashed as needed to remove the build-up of floc, allowing them to continue to function properly.
Disinfection: The addition of chlorine to the final effluent before disposal is an important aspect of wastewater treatment. Chlorine is injected into the headworks of a serpentine effluent detention chamber in this method. Chlorination destroys bacteria and viruses in wastewater treatment, as well as parasites like Giardia and Cryptosporidium, which can cause significant sickness.
De-chlorination: The chlorine that was used to disinfect the water is removed in the final stage of the tertiary wastewater treatment process. Because chlorine is toxic to aquatic life, this step is critical. When chlorine is present in high amounts, it also degrades biological water quality.
A chemical called sodium bisulfite is added to the water to eliminate the chlorine. This chemical reacts with chlorine ions in the water and removes them. The treated water is now regarded clean enough to be released into the environment once the chlorine concentration has been decreased to an acceptable level.
Discharge: After tertiary treatment, the effluent is ready to be discharged back into the environment. Many municipalities have specified discharge criteria for treated water, and tertiary treatment should be enough to meet those requirements, keeping the environment clean, and protect human health.
Reuse: Many treatment plants employ tertiary treatment to ensure that the water is suitable for human consumption. The water has been sufficiently purified after tertiary treatment to be as clean and healthy as drinking water. Water that has undergone tertiary treatment is useful for a variety of applications that require clean water, including industrial and manufacturing processes, oil and gas extraction and refining, utility cooling, and agricultural techniques such as irrigation.
Environmental effects of tertiary wastewater treatment
In many local water authorities, water pollution regulation limiting levels of BOD (biological oxygen demand), FOG (fats, oils, and grease), and TSS (total suspended solids) in wastewater is becoming increasingly rigorous.
The Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is important because it provides a measurable scale for assessing the impact of discharged wastewater on the environment.The greater the BOD number, the more organic matter is accessible for oxygen-consuming bacteria. Dissolved oxygen concentrations in a sample of wastewater are measured before and after an incubation period to precisely calculate BOD. Aquatic species will be stressed if wastewater entering the ecosystem has inadequate dissolved oxygen, rendering the habitat unsuitable for living.
How can Netsol Water help you in this?
Netsol Water is one of the leading water and wastewatertreatment company in India offering projects and services in the field of water and wastewater treatment plantmanufacturing and supplying machines that not only turns your wastewater into usable water but also acts as a savior of Mother earth and its precious resource “water”.
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