A constructed wetland is a wetland that has been made artificially to treat stormwater runoff, greywater, or sewage. It can also be applied as a method of land rehabilitation for locations, like mines and old industrial areas.
In some instances, a man-made wetland is created as compensation for wetlands, which were destroyed by development.
How many types of Constructed wetlands?
Three general categories of manmade wetlands include:
1. One built wetland with surface flow
2. Constructed horizontal subsurface flow wetlands
3. Dimensional built wetlands
1-Surface flow constructed wetlands
Surface flow-built wetlands resemble natural swamp regions where plants are rooted, in a submerged layer of sand or gravel, giving them a similar appearance. Helophyte plants have the unusual ability to operate as oxygen pumps, supplying dissolved oxygen through their roots to a variety of microorganisms, which aerates the sediment.
Because, anaerobic pretreatment in a septic tank or biodigester would produce an odour problem, we typically use surface flow-built wetlands when flow rates are highly unpredictable (run-off from roadways).
The design is primarily influenced by the available space, the surrounding temperature, the matrix's properties, and the organic and hydraulic load.
2-Horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands
This form of constructed wetland can handle a higher hydraulic load, than a surface flow constructed wetland, and is most frequently utilized for aerobic post-treatment of residential wastewater.
Solid organic matter needs to undergo anaerobic pretreatment in a biodigester, or septic tank in order to disintegrate. The aquifer is covered in a thick layer of gravel, which keeps a layer of stagnant air in place and prevents odour annoyance nearby.
However, because it must flow through the matrix, the wastewater is in close contact with the microorganisms in the rhizosphere (root zone of the plants). Since, there is no chance of a short circuit, all effluent is treated in this way. When properly planned, horizontal subsurface flow built wetlands offer a highly dependable, reasonably priced aerobic post treatment system, which may be used everywhere in the world.
3-Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands
Vertical flow constructed wetlands are created in an effort to further reduce, the size of artificial wetlands. On top of the created wetland, pre-treated anaerobic wastewater from a biodigester or septic tank, is intermittently injected.
When the pump stops, the wastewater trickles down, effectively sucking air into the created wetland and driving aeration of the rhizosphere. In comparison to horizontal subsurface flow built wetlands, this enhances the aeration capacity by a factor of about twenty.
Apart from that, no short circuit flows are feasible, and under anoxic circumstances, nitrate is eliminated due to reduced oxygen levels deeper in the matrix. As design parameters, we can, for example, change the aquifer's level and the matrix's depth.
What do we offer?
Constructed wetlands in wastewater treatment may be the greatest option for your industry to treat wastewater! Each system is customized by Netsol Water to meet the requirements of the customer.
The first step is to determine how much water you need and how good your water is.
For further information or to make a purchase, please contact us at +91-9650608473 or enquiry@netsolwater.com
