What is the Physical Treatment of Sewage water in STP Plant?

Sewage treatment plants are designed to remove pollutants and contaminants from wastewater before it is released into the environment. Physical treatment is the first stage of wastewater treatment, which involves the removal of large solids and debris from the wastewater.           

Now, we will discuss the physical treatment of sewage water in sewage treatment plants.

About Sewage Treatment Plant:     

Sewage treatment plants are facilities designed to remove pollutants and contaminants from sewage before it is released into the environment.  

The treatment process involves various stages, including physical, biological, and chemical treatments, to remove different types of contaminants and pollutants from the sewage.          

The primary goal of sewage treatment plants is to protect public health and the environment by ensuring that sewage is treated to meet specific regulatory requirements before it is discharged into water bodies such as rivers, lakes, and oceans.       

The treated sewage can also be reused for non-potable purposes such as irrigation, industrial processes, and even toilet flushing.       
Proper operation and maintenance of sewage treatment plants are critical to ensure that the treated sewage meets therequired quality standards and to prevent the discharge of pollutants into the environment.

Screening:      

Screening is the first step in the physical treatment of sewage water. It involves the removal of large solids and debris from the sewage using screens or bars. The screens or bars have different sizes of openings that allow the water to pass through while trapping the solids and debris. The trapped solids and debris are then removed from the screens or bars and disposed of in a landfill or incinerated.

Grit Removal:

Grit removal is the second step in the physical treatment of sewage water. It involves the removal of grit, sand, and other heavy inorganic particles from the sewage. The grit and sand settle at the bottom of the grit chamber, and a scraper or suction device is used to remove them. The removed grit and sand are then disposed of in a landfill or used as construction material.

Primary Sedimentation:       

Primary sedimentation is the third step in the physical treatment of sewage water. It involves the removal of settleable organic and inorganic solids from the sewage. The sewage is held in a primary sedimentation tank, where the solids settle at the bottom of the tank, and the remaining water flows over the weirs at the top. The settled solids are then removed and sent for further treatment.

Flotation:       

Flotation is an alternative method to primary sedimentation. It involves the use of dissolved air flotation (DAF) or induced air flotation (IAF) to remove the settleable solids from the sewage. The process involves the injection of air into the sewage, which causes the solids to float to the surface of the tank, where they are removed.

Equalization: 

Equalization is the final step in the physical treatment of sewage water in a Sewage Treatment Plant. It involves the equalization of the sewage flow rate and characteristics. The equalization tank is used to mix and hold the sewage for a short period, allowing for the equalization of the flow rate and characteristics. This helps to minimize the shock load to the subsequent biological treatment process.

Conclusion:   

Physical treatment is an essential process in sewage treatment plants that involves the removal of large solids and debris from the sewage. The physical treatment of sewage water includes screening, grit removal, primary sedimentation, flotation, and equalization. The physical treatment of sewage water helps to reduce the load on the subsequent biological treatment processes, ensuring that the treatment plant operates efficiently.

Leading manufacturer of sewage treatment plants in India.         

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RO plants, water softeners, ETPs, STPs, DM plants, AMC, O&M, Ultra filtration, UV, Ozonation, ZLD plants, Anoxic tanks, and other goods and services are available from us. We also provide services to businesses in sectors including automotive, pharmaceutical, textile, pulp & paper, beverages, refineries, schools, hospitals, office buildings, and hotels, among others.          

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