Industries Category as per the SPCB & CPCB: Red, Orange, Green & White
The State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) and the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in India have categorized industries into four categories based on the level of pollution generated by them. The four categories are Red, Orange, Green, and White.
Now we will discuss each category in detail and provide a list of industries that come under each category.
Red Category Industries
The Red category includes industries with the highest levels of pollutant production. Before beginning operations, these industries must get a necessary environmental clearance certificate from the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEFCC).
The CPCB and SPCBs' established norms and requirements are complied with by the industry, according to the environmental clearance certificate. The following industries fall within the "Red" category:
· Thermal Power Plants
· Cement Plants
· Fertilizer Plants
· Pesticide Manufacturing Units
· Integrated Iron and Steel Plants
· Petrochemicals
· Paint and Varnish Manufacturing Units
· Chemical Industries
· Pharmaceuticals
· Mining and Ore Processing Industries
Orange Category Industries
The Orange group is made up of industries that produce a moderate amount of pollution. Before beginning operations, these industries must get a no-objection certificate (NOC) from the SPCBs.
The NOC makes ensuring that business adheres to the SPCBs' pollution control guidelines and requirements. The following industries fall into the Orange category:
· Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing Units
· Textile Processing Units
· Dyes and Dye Intermediates Manufacturing Units
· Synthetic Resin Manufacturing Units
· Basic Organic and Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing Units
· Dairy and Milk Processing Units
· Industrial Estates
· Distilleries and Breweries
· Pulp and Paper Manufacturing Units
· Ceramic Industries
Green Category Industries
Industries that generate a low level of pollution are categorized under the Green category.
These industries are required to self-certify that they are complying with the pollution control norms and standards set by the SPCBs. Here are some industries that come under the Green category:
· Automobile Servicing and Repair Shops
· Bio-fertilizer and Organic Manure Manufacturing Units
· Printing Presses
· Cotton and Woolen Hosiery Industries
· Glass and Glassware Manufacturing Units
· Solar Power Plants
· Khadi and Village Industries
· Agarbatti and Phenyl Manufacturing Units
· Electric and Electronic Equipment Manufacturing Units
· Food and Beverage Manufacturing Units
White Category Industries
Industries that generate negligible or no pollution are categorized under the White category. These industries are exempted from obtaining environmental clearance and NOC from the SPCBs. However, they are required to comply with the pollution control norms and standards set by the SPCBs. Here are some industries that come under the White category:
· Information Technology and IT Enabled Services
· Printing and Publishing
· Medical and Healthcare Services
· Packaging and Labeling
· Educational and Training Institutions
· Hospitality and Tourism
· Banking and Financial Services
· Warehousing and Storage
· Retail and Wholesale Trading
· Professional Services like Legal and Accounting
Note
It is worth noting that the list of industries mentioned in each category is not exhaustive and may vary from state to state. The SPCBs have the authority to add or remove industries from each category based on the pollution level generated by them. Therefore, it is advisable for the industries to consult with the SPCBs before commencing their operations to determine the category they fall under and the regulations they need to comply with.
In addition to the categorization of industries, the SPCBs and CPCB also monitor the air, water, and soil quality in the industrial areas to ensure that the pollution levels are within permissible limits. The industries are required to install pollution control equipment and undertake regular monitoring of their emissions and effluents to ensure compliance with the pollution control norms and standards.
Summary
The SPCBs and CPCB have categorized industries into four categories based on the level of pollution generated by them. Red category industries generate the highest level of pollution, while White category industries generate negligible or no pollution. Each category has its own set of regulations that the industries must comply with. By categorizing industries, the SPCBs and CPCB are able to monitor and regulate the industrial activities to minimize the impact on the environment and public health. It is important for the industries to follow the pollution control norms and standards set by the SPCBs and CPCB to ensure sustainable development.
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