How to control air pollution through agricultural waste management?
Excess crop material removal is an important aspect of the global agricultural system since it helps to prepare the soil for new seeds and improves weed and pest control. Rice harvesting is about to commence in many parts of India, including Punjab and Haryana, and farmers are working to manage the rice straw or stubble.
Farmers typically select the stubble burning method to clear agricultural residue each year since it is less expensive and labour-intensive, resulting in increased air pollution in the region. Better agro-waste management and sustainable farming techniques, on the other hand, may be able to help overcome this obstacle.
Agriculture and Pollution in the Air
In India, nearly 100 million tonnes of crop residue were burned in 2017-18, according to estimates. During this time, nearly 30 million tonnes of rice crop residue were burned. Stubble burning is without a doubt one of the most significant sources of air pollution in urban areas such as Delhi.
When agricultural waste is burned, carbon, nitrogen, and other similar elements are totally consumed, resulting in smoke. When this smoke mixes with ambient gases, it pollutes the air. This is why, with rising particulate levels, air quality exceeding emergency levels has become a yearly occurrence, causing respiratory illnesses among those who live in the vicinity. It also results in greenhouse gas emissions.
Stubble burning can have an influence on agriculture in addition to polluting the air. Minerals in the soil are also burned in the process, which has an impact on the following crop grown on the same soil. Effective agro-waste management, on the other hand, can aid in the transformation of waste into something useful.
Agro-waste Management
Close to 70% of waste created in rice farming, for example, can be used for soil enrichment or shipped to industrial units to be converted into energy resources. One tonne of rice residue may result in the loss of nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, and other elements that can be regenerated, according to the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI). Furthermore, due to several types of beneficial bacteria present in the soil, carbon sequestration has been found to boost fertiliser and pesticide efficacy.
In the last four to five years, companies have gradually increased their usage of agricultural waste to create energy for various reasons. The Indian government has also launched a biogas scheme to support the development of innovative technology and solutions for converting rice waste into biogas. Significant advancements are being made in the conversion of agro-waste into a single-use plastic material that is environmentally benign, biodegradable, and cost-effective.
Composting and Agro-waste Management
Composting has evolved as one of the most effective agro-waste management strategies, with long-term cost-effectiveness, sustainability, and resource production benefits.
Waste management is the process of properly handling and disposing of waste. Composting can be used to control excess crop waste in an agricultural system. Tiny microbes play a key part in the composting process, breaking down organic waste and turning it into a useable product that may be used as a soil amendment. Composting can so reduce agro-waste while also producing a useful product.
Netsol Water is one of the leading organisations offering cutting-edge waste management solutions. It contains bacteria that decomposes organic waste quickly and converts it to nutrient-rich compost. It speeds up the composting process, reduces odours, and prevents the formation of hazardous microorganisms.
We believe in technologies that save environment rather than harming it. We are trying our best to develop more technologies for waste treatment and pollution control. We already have a product line for water, waste water and other treatment processes related to water.
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