How are Harmful elements like Iron, Arsenic, and Fluoride removed from drinking water?

To remove the elements like Fluoride, Iron, and Arsenic from drinking water, there are two methods used to separate them. Let us have a look at them in detail.

What is the Electrocoagulation Mechanism for the removal of Fluorides, Iron, and Arsenic?

The coagulation mechanism works on the principle that cations are produced electrolytically from the iron and aluminium anodes that enhances the coagulation of contaminants in the aqueous solution. It is a defluoridation technology for drinking and groundwaters.

The process was used in the 20th century as plate technology. It is primarily used for the treatment of heavy metals. Electrocoagulation is made up of two words: Electoral meaning applying electrical charge and coagulation meaning making the particles or contaminants come together. This is done by increasing the surface charge on these contaminants.

The technology works on the basic requirement of cathode and anode present because contaminants will flow between those two fields. As electricity is applied, many things happen like an anode gives up electrons to the cathode. These electrons are crucial because they provide the hydroxides that are the ones going to cause coagulation. As anode becomes more eroded, the gap increases the space between the cathode and anode and therefore it makes the removal of Fluorides, Iron, and Arsenic much easier and effective.

What is the Membrane Separation Process for the removal of Fluorides, Iron, and Arsenic?

This treatment has gradually attained popularity because it effectively removes the contaminants from raw waters. Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration remove the suspended particles easily. But Nanofiltration technology is the most effective one to remove fluorides, Iron, and Arsenic.

This process is highly effective for the removal of contaminants. The membranes offer a barrier to suspended particles, inorganic pollutants, etc. It treats and permits the treatment and disinfection of water in one step. It does not affect the water quality and works under the pH range.

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