What is desalination?
Any process which removes excess salts and minerals from water is called desalination. It is a water treatment process that may be used to make freshwater from both saltwater and brackish water, which is less salty than seawater but still too salty to drink.
Desalination efforts are logically concentrated in areas where water is in short supply. Fresh water desalination technology is also concentrated in India, particularly in the water-stressed states of Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, and Rajasthan.
Desalination methods are beneficial in the recovery of water from waste streams, in addition to generating desalted water for human consumption and industrial needs. However, credible data on the number of desalination plants, their capacity, technologies used, and their state in India is missing. According to approximate estimates, India has about 1000 membrane-based desalination plants with capacities ranging from 20 to 10,000 m3 per day.
What happens to the water and salt that hasn't been removed?
Extracted salts, minerals, and a proportion of source water are combined to make brine, a hyper-saline slurry. When compared to salt water, brine has a substantially higher salt concentration, which makes disposal difficult.
Brine trash is frequently dumped into the ocean. Brine can be blended with other water sources to lower salinity and/or discharged through diffusers to reduce environmental hazards during disposal. Diffusers are used to spread brine at numerous distinct output sites from desalination plants by encouraging brine mixing with ocean water.
How to Desalination Solutions for Coastal Communities using RO?
Reverse osmosis (RO) was invented in the late 1960s to desalt saline water supplies.
This method is based on the osmosis principle and necessitates the use of a membrane barrier to separate salts from water. Sea water is pushed against semi-permeable membranes in a continuous flow state in this technique. Because of the high salt content of sea water, Reverse Osmosis requires an operating pressure of 60-70 bar. The majority of dissolved pollutants and 99.5 percent of total salt are eliminated as the water passes over the membrane. Impurities are left in the running water, and the membranes' concentrated stream is discharged into the ocean.
To maintain the system operating at its maximum efficiency, the entire system must be designed to maximize fluxes, membrane area, and other factors. Reverse osmosis plants require a variety of pre-treatment techniques including softening, de-chlorination, and anti-scaling treatment.
Principles of Salt Osmosis Water Reverse
The usage of an osmotic membrane is required for RO desalination (i.e., one that allows water to pass through it at much higher rates than dissolved salts). Osmotic membranes are found naturally in all living species. Because of its ability to allow some constituents to pass through while blocking others, the osmotic membrane is also known as a semi permeable membrane.
The solvent water goes through the membrane in osmosis until the pressure differential across the membrane equals the osmotic pressure (about 350 psig for a fresh water/seawater interface). A pressure larger than the osmotic pressure applied to the saline water causes fresh water to flow through the membrane while the solutes are held back in the reverse osmosis desalination process (salts). The rate of fresh water transfer through the membranes increases when the applied pressure rises above the osmotic pressure.
PROs and CONs of RO technology for desalination
What ?are the Pros?
1. Modular systems
2. Expansion of drinking water sources
3. Higher yield
4. Very pure water
What are the cons?
1. Pretreatment needed
2. Higher energy use
3. Can be costly for developing nations
What can we offer?
Netsol Water have expertise in wide range of water and wastewater treatment technologies including RO Technology. We can customize wastewater treatment plants that will cater to all your needs and at the same time effectively treat different types of water and wastewater.
Netsol Water is Greater Noida-based leading water & wastewater treatment plant manufacturer. We are industry's most demanding company based on client review and work quality. We are known as best commercial RO plant manufacturers, industrial RO plant manufacturer, sewage treatment plant manufacturer, Water Softener Plant Manufacturers and effluent treatment plant manufacturers. Apart from this 24x7 customer support is our USP. Call on +91-9650608473, or write us at enquiry@netsolwater.com for any support, inquiry or product-purchase related query.
