What is Biological Treatment of Landfill leachate?
Landfill leachate is one of the most difficult wastewaters to manage due to the large number of highly concentrated water constituents. While the basic characteristics evaluated, such as biochemical oxygen demand, ammonia, suspended particles, pH, and chemical oxygen demand, can be used to establish the quality of leachate in general, the findings of each parameter's measurement are influenced by the landfill's age, climate, rainfall, and the garbage entering the landfill.
Parameters that affect the quality of leachate
Large amounts of inorganic and organic substances in landfill leachate can pollute the environment. Thus, landfill leachate must be treated before being discharged. The quality and quantity of leachate can be determined by the landfill's location. The leachate quality is influenced by features that contain high amounts of pollutants, poisonous aromatic chemicals, and organic macromolecules as a result of complex compositions.
Other features of leachate water quality include the presence of nitrogen ammonia, organic matter, a high concentration of heavy metals, nutritional imbalance, and a low phosphorus level.In addition to quality, the rainy season has an impact on leachate amount, with higher organic content in places with more rainfall.
Composition of leachate
The leachate contains harmful and non-toxic substances such as aromatic hydrocarbons, organic compounds, and xenobiotic organic compounds, with aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, benzene, xylene, and ethylbenzene being the most frequent. It also contains significant concentrations of total dissolved solids and a large number of microorganisms. It has a modest acidity with a pH range between 6 and 7 with a high chroma content, is black, dark brown or brown in colour, with a strong stench.
Treatment of Landfill-Leachate
Landfill leachate has complicated compositions and significant biological toxicity. A combination of aerobic, anaerobic, coagulation, sedimentation, and electrolysis procedures are used to treat it. Furthermore, because leachate must be properly processed before being released into the environment, it is necessary to know the age of the landfill as well as other characteristics such as COD, BOD/COD ratio, and others in order to determine the appropriate methods or technologies for leachate treatment.
Biological Treatment methods for leachate
COD and BOD concentrations in young leachate are typically high, although COD content can be lowered by up to 50% using biological techniques. Thus, it is an efficient way to reduce organic molecules in the leachate that can biodegrade.
1: Rotating biological contractors or RBCs
a: High-quality effluents are produced by a rotating biological contactor;
b: In the treatment of wastewater, RBCs can manage toxic and shock hydraulic and organic loadings;
c: In RBCs, overall nitrogen removal efficiency is at 90%, and organic removal efficiency is around 100%.
2: Trickling Filters or TFs
a: Various types of landfill leachate can be processed using trickling filter treatment technologies;
b: TF can result in effluents with reductions in ammonia (59.50%), turbidity (71.96%), BOD-5 (76.69%), and suspended solids (73.17%).
3: Up-flow Anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB)
The effectiveness of dissolved chemical oxygen demand (COD) elimination in continuous UASB reactors is consistently between 77 and 91 % for all Hydraulic Retention Time or HRT.
4: Aerated Lagoons
a: If the aerated lagoon is utilized as a full-scale leachate treatment, it is important to pay attention to the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT), because it allows the aerated lagoon to eliminate ammonia and COD in considerable quantities;
b: The aerated lagoon can also reduce nitrogen load by up to 80%.
5: Sequencing Batch reactors
a: The SBR method of leachate treatment is a good biological treatment technology. It also has a great ability to remove N and COD, with a COD elimination rate of 30-40% on average.
b: The effluent from a sequencing batch reactor can be reduced by 62.28 percent in suspended particles, 64.83 percent in ammonia, and 84.06 percent in BOD-5.
Conclusion
1: It has been found that the TF produces effluents with considerable reductions in ammonia (59.50%), turbidity (71.96%), BOD-5 (76.69%), and suspended particles (73.17%) while treating leachate.
2: Sequencing batch reactors can produce effluent with 62.28% lower suspended particles, 64.83 % lower ammonia, and 84.06 % lower BOD-5.
3: In RBCs, the total removal efficiency for organic removal is around 99 %, while the overall removal efficiency for nitrogen removal is around 90 %.
4: The effectiveness of dissolved chemical oxygen demand reduction in continuous UASB reactors is consistently between 77 and 91 %.
5: The aerated lagoon may remove ammonia and COD in considerable quantities and reduce “N” load by up to 80%.
Even with different leachate characteristics, these approaches can be employed to treat landfill leachate. These techniques can also be coupled to produce effluent from landfill leachate treatment that meets or exceeds the set criteria.
For this unique application, Netsol Water is a dependable, experienced, and product-independent organization. Our intelligent process combinations frequently lead to the most cost-effective and best solutions.
Give us a callon+919650608473 or contact via email at enquiry@netsolwater.com for further consultation or product purchase related query.